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诺贝尔奖

诺贝尔奖是以瑞典化学家、硝化甘油炸药的发明人阿尔弗雷德·贝恩哈德·诺贝尔的部分遗产作为基金创立的。

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epa03394032 Flags are seen in front of the European Parliament in Strasbourg, France, 11 September 2012 during the plenary session of the European Parliament. EU member states must for the first time implement binding energy-saving measures in a push to reduce the bloc's energy consumption by 20 per cent by 2020, compared to 1990 levels. The measures, agreed to Tuesday by the European Parliament, include a 1.5 per cent year-on-year reduction in energy sector sales to consumers, the partial renovation of government-owned buildings and energy audits for large companies. EPA/PATRICK SEEGER
Chinese writer Mo Yan, in Stockholm, Sweden in this May 2001 file photo. Mo won the 2012 Nobel prize for literature on October 11, 2012, for works which combine "hallucinatory realism" with folk tales, history and contemporary life in China. Mo, who was once so destitute he ate tree bark and weeds to survive, is the first Chinese national to win the $1.2 million literature prize, awarded by the Swedish Academy. REUTERS/Peter Lyden/Scanpix (SWEDEN - Tags: SOCIETY ENTERTAINMENT PROFILE HEADSHOT) NO COMMERCIAL SALES. THIS IMAGE HAS BEEN SUPPLIED BY A THIRD PARTY. IT IS DISTRIBUTED, EXACTLY AS RECEIVED BY REUTERS, AS A SERVICE TO CLIENTS. SWEDEN OUT. NO COMMERCIAL OR EDITORIAL SALES IN SWEDEN
Bayern/ ARCHIV: Der Preistraeger des Geschwister-Scholl-Preises 2011, der chinesische Autor Liao Yiwu, posiert in der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet in Muenchen (Foto vom 14.11.11). Das Massaker auf dem Platz des Himmlischen Friedens im Sommer 1989 war fuer Liao Yiwu eine Zaesur: Auch wenn er als "Konterrevolutionaer" schon vorher auf der schwarzen Liste der chinesischen Behoerden stand, auch wenn er bei der Niederschlagung der Demokratiebewegung auf dem Tiananmen-Platz gar nicht dabei war - die vierjaehrige Haft, zu der er 1990 wegen Veroeffentlichung eines regimekritischen Gedichts verurteilt wurde, liess sein Leben komplett aus den Fugen geraten. Fuer sein neues Buch hat der 54-Jaehrige mit zahlreichen Zeitzeugen gesprochen. (zu dapd-Text) Foto: Lukas Barth/dapd
This picture taken on December 10, 2010 shows the rear of the Nobel medal awarded to the Nobel Peace Prize laureate for 2010, jailed Chinese dissident Liu Xiabo. The Nobel Peace Prize ceremony began in Oslo Friday without guest of honour Liu Xiaobo, a jailed Chinese dissident who was represented by an empty chair at the event. Other Chinese dissidents, ambassadors from a number of countries, Norway's king and queen and other dignitaries were present as the ceremony opened in a flower-decked Oslo city hall. AFP PHOTO / SCANPIX - Berit Roald (Photo credit should read BERIT ROALD/AFP/Getty Images)
Books of Chinese writer Mo Yan are on display during the book fair in Frankfurt, October 11, 2012. Mo Yan won the 2012 Nobel prize for literature on October 11, 2012 for works which the awarding committee said had qualities of "hallucinatory realism". The world's largest book fair runs from October 9 to October 14 and features the literature of New Zealand as its guest of honour. REUTERS/Ralph Orlowski (GERMANY - Tags: MEDIA SOCIETY)
The Nobel diploma awarded in absentia to the Nobel Peace Prize laureate for 2010, jailed Chinese dissident Liu Xiabo. The diploma reads: "The Norwegian Nobel Committee has in accordance with the testament of Alfred Nobel, drawn on November 25th 1895, awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for 2010, to Liu Xiaobo." Signed Oslo December 10th 2010 by the Committee members Thorbjoern Jagland, Kaci K. Five, Ellen-Marie Ytterhorn, Sissel Roenbeck and Aagot Valle. (AP Photo/ Berit Roald / Scanpix Norway) NORWAY OUT
From left, Per Krusell, Staffan Normark, Peter Gardenfors and Tore Ellingsen of the Swedish Royal Academy of Sciences present the winners of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, in Stockholm, Sweden, Oct. 15, 2012. Americans Alvin E. Roth of Harvard University and Lloyd S. Shapley of University of California were cited for "the theory of stable allocations and the practice of market design." (Foto:Scanpix Sweden, Henrik Montgomery/AP/dapd) SWEDEN OUT
FILE - In this undated portrait, Swedish chemist and industrialist Alfred Nobel (1833-1896) is shown. Guessing the Nobel Prize winners is a bit like forecasting the stock market: the sages don't seem to do it any better than the layman. So when you hear scholars and pundits predicting the Higgs boson particle will be the theme of the physics prize next week, or that an American writer, finally, is due for the literature award, it's good to keep their track record in mind. "My top candidate has never won, and it's the fourth year I've been doing it," admits Norwegian peace researcher Kristian Harpviken, one of the most frequently cited commentators on the Nobel Peace Prize. (Foto:AP/dapd)
File picture shows supporters and members of Bulgaria's Roma community behind a European Union flag during a protest in front of the French embassy in Sofia September 18, 2010. The European Union won the Nobel Peace Prize on October 12, 2012 for its historic role in uniting the continent. Picture taken September 18, 2012. REUTERS/Stoyan Nenov/File (BULGARIACIVIL DAY - Tags: CIVIL UNREST SOCIETY)
--FILE--Chinese author and writer Mo Yan attends a forum in Shanghai, China, 17 August 2012. This year, two hot candidates for the Nobel Literature Prize are Chinese writer Mo Yan and Japanese writer Haruki Murakami. Alia from Off-beat China tracked the discussion online and found out that Chinese netizens have voted against Mo Yan.
Robert Lefkowitz, Brian Kobilka
This 2009 photo provided Tuesday Oct. 9, 2012 by the CNRS (Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique) shows French physician Serge Haroche, right, and his aide Igor Dotsenko in Paris. Haroche and U.S David wineland share the 2012 Nobel Prize in physics Tuesday Oct. 9, 2012 for inventing methods to observe the bizarre properties of the quantum world, research that has led to the construction of extremely precise clocks and helped scientists take the first steps toward building superfast computers. (Foto:CNRS/ Christophe Lebedinsky/AP/dapd) EDITORIAL USE ONLY - NO USE AFTER DEC.31 2012
In this April, 2008 photo, Kyoto University Professor Shinya Yamanaka, left, and British researcher John Gurdon exchange words as they attend a symposium on induced pluripotent stem cell in Tokyo. Gurdon and Yamanaka of Japan won this year's Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine on Monday, Oct. 8, 2012 for discovering that mature, specialized cells of the body can be reprogrammed into stem cells - a discovery that scientists hope to turn into new treatments. (Foto:Kyodo News/AP/dapd) JAPAN OUT, MANDATORY CREDIT, NO LICENSING IN CHINA, FRANCE, HONG KONG, JAPAN AND SOUTH KOREA
Logo des "The right Livelihood Award". Zugeliefert durch Nenad Kreizer am 16.09.2010, Copyright: The right Livelihood Award.