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Ledoji na da hadari ga rayuwar dan Adam

June 24, 2014

A babban taron muhalli na duniya da ke gudana a Kenya, binciken Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya nuna cewa ledoji da robobin da ake zubarwa a matsayin shara kan debo sinadaran da ke da hadari ga lafiyar al'umma

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Plastiktüten
Hoto: Fotolia/pandore

Ledoji da robobin da ake zubarwa a matsayin shara, na zama babban barazana ga halittun da ke rayuwa a cikin ruwa. Wani binciken da aka gudanar ya nunar cewa kasashe na asarar fiye da milliyan dubu 13 na Dalar Amirka a kowace shekara sakamakon lahanin da ledojin ke yi. Babban zauren nazarin hanyoyin kula da muhalli ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya wato UNEA ce ta tabbatar da haka lokacin bikin bude babban taron muhallin da aka bude ranar litini a birnin Nairobi na kasar Kenya.

Rahotanni bincike biyu ne wadanda suka hada da rahoton shekara-shekara ta hukumar kula da mahalli na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya shekara ta 2014 da kuma wanda ke duba yanayin amfani da ledoji suka bayyana irin barazanar da ledojin ke da shi ga halittun da ke cikin ruwa, musamman yadda suka danganci sana'o'i irinsu yawon bude idanu da kamun kifi da dai sauransu. Shugaban hukumar babban masanin kimiyya PrJacqueline McGlade ya yi mana karin haske:

"Muna amfani da fiye da Tonne milliyan 200 na leda kowace shekara, kuma da zarar ya shiga teku su kan dauki wasu sinadarai, kuma da zarar ruwan ya wanke irin wadannan ledoji da robobi zuwa inda ake samun ruwan sha, wanda ka iya zama babban barazana ga rayuwarmu shi ya sa muka damu sosai kan ledoji da robobi a teku."

Bildergalerie Das Meer und der Müll
Yadda ledojin kan kasance a karkashin TekuHoto: Lindsey Hoshaw

Sauran batutuwan muhallin da ke daukar hankali

Banda jan hankalin da rahotannin suka yi kan irin asarar da ake yi sakamakon ledojin, sun kuma yi bayani kan illolin da ake samu sakamakon yawaitan sinadarai irinsu nitrogen da kuma noman halittu da tsirain da ke rayuwa a cikin ruwa, da kuma gurbataciyyar iska, da kuma wanda ake samu daga irin ayyukan binciken wadanda ba kwararru ba.

Burin da taron ya ke so ya cimma shi ne hana ledoji da robobi ma shiga cikin muhallin ma baki daya, wato tun kafin su kai ga yin lahani kuma wannan na nufin matakai uku, a rage amfani da shi, a sake amfani da wadanda aka riga aka yi amfani da su har ma a sake sarrafa su.

Babban zauren na UNEA wanda ke zaman sabuwar majalisar da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta girka domin nazari da kuma yanke shawarwari kan muhalli na da nauyin jagorar irin tafiyar da al'ummat kasa da kasa za ta yi wajen ganin an sami hanyoyin masu dorewa na tinkarar kalubalen da muhallin ke fiskanta Achim Streiner shi ne babban darektan hukumar kula da muhalli ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya:

Yunkurin kasashen duniya na takaita illolin muhalli

"Fanin muhalli musammna yadda ya shafi sabbin dabaru da fasahohi, na daga cikin sassan da ke samar da ayyukan yi ga jama'a a duk fadin duniya, Kuma ta daukar matakan da suka dace, za mu rage tsadar kiwon lafiya, mu inganta rayuwar alumma wajen ayyukan da muke gudanarwa, kuma irin wadannan mahawarorin da muke yi ne suke sauya kamannin irin manuifofin da ake tsarawa yanzu"

Mutane sma da 1,200 daga fannin gwamnati da 'yan kasuwa da kungiyoyin farar hula dama wakilai daga kasashe sama da 160 daga kasashe mambobin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da kuma kasahen da ke sanya ido ke halartar wannan taron. Mphasto Kamanga shi ne sakatare na daya a ofishin jakadancin Malawi da ke aksar Kenya:

Plastiktüten am Straßenrand Somalia
Ledoji sukan dade a kan titi suna diban daudaHoto: picture-alliance/dpa

"Muna ganawa a kananan matakai daura da wannan babban taron, muna duba banbance-banbancen da ke tsakanin jinsin halittu daban-daban, da sinadarai, da kuma tattalin arzikin da ya shafi amfanin gona wadanda dukkaninsu ke da mahimmancin gaske. Haka nan kuma muna da burin bincike kan cinikin dabbobin Afirka ta haramtattun hanyoyi domin akwai matsalar farautan wasu dabbobin ba bisa doka ba saboda haka muna bukatar mu aikar da sako mai karfi"

Kimanin ma'aikatu 80 ke da manufofin da suka yi kuduri kan batutuwan da suka shafi muhalli kama daga hanyoyin sarrafa abubuwa da amfani da su masu dorewa, da zuba jari wajen karfafa tattalin arzikin ayyukan noma da ma mutunta dokokin muhalli.

Hukumar lafiya ta duniya WHO ta ce a duk sadda mutane 8 wuka mutu a duk fadin duniya mutun daya a dalilin gurbacewar muhalli ne wanda ke sanya adadin mace-macen kan milliyan bakwai kowace shekara. Wannan ne mahalarta taron za su kwashe wuni biyar suna tattaunawa dan gane hanyoyin warware su.

Mawallafiya: Pinado Abdu Waba
Edita: Mouhamadou Awal Balarabe